Lakota Woman: Siege at Wounded Knee 1994

Mary Crow Dog grows up in a poor Lakota family on the Rosebud Reservation in South Dakota, where the pull between ancient traditions and harsh modern realities shadows her childhood. The film follows a young girl who learns the stories and rites of her people, many of which are passed down by her grandfather, Fool Bull. His memories of the 1890 massacre at Wounded Knee haunt the family and remind viewers of a past that refuses to stay buried. The atmosphere of poverty, resilience, and cultural memory frames every step of her early life, and the ties to her homeland—and to the elders who keep its memory alive—stay with her as she grows.

Her path takes a sharp turn when she is sent to a rigid institution, the St. Tristan Boarding School, alongside her sister Barbra. The school becomes a crucible where language, tradition, and identity are pressured to yield to an assimilation that wants Lakota culture erased. The harsh routine, the suppression of language, and the erasure of ancestral memory unfold day by day, shaping Mary’s sense of self and her place in a world that often treats Native people as outsiders.

The years passed as they tried to turn us from Lakota to white. They took away our language, the words of our elders about the history of our people and our memories grew dim. They took away our souls every day and they took our pictures once a year.

As the years drag on, Barbra decides to run away, leaving Mary to face the uncertain present alone. Yet even as the family fractures, a spark of defiance begins to glow in Mary. Her worldview shifts when she receives a newspaper from a young white girl named Nadine. The paper, AMERICANS BEFORE COLUMBUS!, exposes the violence of colonization—the rape and looting that have marked Indian lands for generations. This discovery inspires Mary to act: she takes up the cause, prints out papers that urge Indian people in boarding schools to reject the white man’s ways and reclaim their land, and finds herself at odds with the teachers who expel her for it.

Having been expelled, Mary returns to the larger world and searches for a way forward. She goes to the Oglala Tribal Office in Pine Ridge, hoping to find work, accompanied along the way by her Aunt Elsie Flood, Casey Camp-Horinek. But the doors are closed, and racism blocks her path. She goes on a personal odyssey, seeking her mother, who is living in the white world with a white partner, a reminder of how entrenched discrimination remains in the community and beyond. When job prospects vanish, she hops a ride with two Native men, only to endure a chilling moment when the passenger attempts to rape her. She escapes, and soon a rescuing figure appears: Webster. Webster’s pickup and his crew offer a fleeting sense of belonging, and Mary finds herself drawn into a drifting life that drifts as aimlessly as the road they travel.

Her edge sharpens after a near-fatal collision with a train, a turning point that pushes her toward a new path. She chooses to join the American Indian Movement and, alongside Carter Camp as an AIM Warrior, she becomes part of the 1973 Occupation of Wounded Knee. The occupation is portrayed as a tense, precarious stand against authorities and a stark confrontation with centuries of injustice. The movement receives support from fellow tribe members and Vietnam Veterans, even as they are hunted by police who occasionally snipe at them from the shadows.

Throughout this turbulent period, Mary discovers she is pregnant, adding a personal dimension to the political struggle. The occupation tightens around her as the standoff intensifies, and the film chronicles the real danger and determination that defined those days. The narrative does not shy away from the risks faced by Mary and her comrades; it presents the fear, the courage, and the relentless sense of purpose that fueled their actions.

In the end, the siege at Wounded Knee culminates with the police reclaiming the town, and many participants—including Mary—being arrested. Yet even as the authorities close in, the film frames the confrontation as a meaningful act of resistance: a reclamation of voice, land, and identity that could not be easily erased. The story closes on a note of hard-won momentum and the enduring belief that standing up for one’s people can alter the course of history, even when the immediate outcome is fraught with pain and consequence.