Japan’s Film Rating Authority
Eirin (映倫), whose full name is the Eiga Rinri Kanri Iinkai (Film Ethics Administration Commission), is the organization responsible for reviewing and classifying motion pictures for public exhibition in Japan. Established after World War II, it operates as an independent, self-regulatory body funded by the major Japanese film studios. Its purpose is to balance freedom of expression with the protection of minors, ensuring that films are appropriately labeled for different age groups without direct government censorship.
The Eirin Rating System
Eirin assesses films and assigns one of four ratings, which must be displayed in advertising and at the point of ticket sale. The classifications are:
- G (General Audience): Suitable for all ages.
- PG12 (Parental Guidance): Parental guidance is recommended for children under the age of 12. This rating advises that the film may contain content that could be unsettling or require explanation for younger viewers.
- R15+ (Restricted): No one under the age of 15 is admitted.
- R18+ (Restricted): No one under the age of 18 is admitted.
Eirin’s review process focuses on depictions of sexuality, violence, horror, and drug use, as well as potentially antisocial behavior. While it provides a framework for filmmakers, its decisions have sometimes been a point of contention, particularly regarding the strict standards applied to depictions of nudity and sexuality in Japanese cinema compared to violence.