The Rise of Catherine the Great 1934

In this sweeping historical drama, the rise of Catherine the Great unfolds through a careful mix of court intrigue, personal passion, and political calculation, inviting the audience to watch how a foreign princess becomes the ruler of all the Russias.

In 1744, Princess Sophie Auguste Frederika — Elisabeth Bergner as Catherine — arrives at the court of the Empress Elizabeth, Flora Robson. Catherine is betrothed to Grand Duke Peter, Douglas Fairbanks Jr., the nephew and heir presumptive of the unmarried and childless Empress Elizabeth. The setup places Catherine at the center of a volatile throne room where alliances shift with the seasons and every move can tilt the balance of power.

Peter, a man visibly troubled by mental instability and a sharp misogyny, initially rejects Catherine on their wedding night, accusing her of using tricks to win him over after a seemingly innocent remark. Yet, as time passes, he gradually accepts her, and the couple enjoys a period of happiness that stands in stark contrast to the royal court’s scheming behind closed doors. Throughout this time, Catherine begins to gain crucial experience in governance by serving as the Empress’s principal aide, learning the mechanics of rule while navigating intimate and political minefields alike.

When Elizabeth dies, Peter ascends as tsar, but his burdened mind and growing boredom threaten the stability of the dynasty. Catherine remains devoted, even as she begins a very public affair with one of her closest friends, a choice that complicates her public image and deepens the internal tensions of the court. The stress of ruling, loving, and surviving in a court obsessed with appearances pushes her toward a moment of clarity: a plan to remove the volatile emperor from power.

The plan moves forward as Catherine aligns with trusted allies, and a coup d’état unfolds with precision and risk. The next morning, Peter is arrested and Catherine is proclaimed Empress of All the Russias, a triumph tempered by the keenness of the cost such a rise demands. Grigory Orlov — Griffith Jones — explains that everything has a price, and the crown is the highest price of all. The ascent is deeply marred by tragedy: Peter is murdered that very morning, despite Catherine’s commands, a brutal reminder that power demands wrenching sacrifices.

The film closes on a poignant, human note. Catherine sits on her throne with tears in her eyes as the cheers of the crowd roll through the halls outside, signaling a new era that has begun at a monumental personal and political cost. The narrative leaves viewers with a portrait of a leader who navigates love, loyalty, and ruthless ambition to secure a crown that will shape a continent.